GIRES Research Award for 2004

See the GIRES Annual Research Awards page to read about the awards and the criteria used by the GIRES trustees in evaluating entries for the annual award.


Sex in the Brain – Research Thesis

Available on Loan

The research thesis of Dr Frank Kruijver has been published. Its full title is: “Sex in the Brain – Gender differences in the human hypothalamus and adjacent areas – Relationship to transsexualism, sexual orientation, sex hormone receptors and endocrine status”. The research was conducted at the Netherlands Institute for Brain Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. The thesis was promoted and overseen by:

Prof. Dr DF Swaab (promotor)
Prof. Dr LJG Gooren (co-promotor)
Dr AO Brinkman
Prof. Dr M Gahr
Prof. Dr PT Cohen-Kettenis
Prof. Dr FG Zitman
Prof. Dr HSA Heymans

The publication of the thesis was financially supported by the Netherlands Institute for Brain Research, as well as Van Lersum fonds KNAW and the Gender Identity Research and Education Society (GIRES).

The thesis, 279 pages in length, contains seven articles, all published in professional journals, on related research conducted by Dr Kruijver and his colleagues, together with an introduction, discussion, summary and lists of references.

Borrowing a Copy

GIRES has a limited supply of copies of the thesis that it can lend to other researchers in the field. If you wish to borrow a copy, which would have to be returned within 4 weeks of receipt, please Contact Us (GIRES) and provide your surface mail address.

Dr Kruijver is a member of the team from the Netherlands that was awarded the GIRES Research Prize in 2002 for their article, published in the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism in 2000, “Male-to-Female Transsexuals Have Female Neuron Numbers in a Limbic Nucleus” (PDF, 102KB). This is one of the seven articles in Dr Kruijver’s thesis. GIRES can provide a synopsis of that article and a list of the references.

Dr Kruijver is also member of a group of scientists and clinicians, assembled by GIRES, that produced two other papers. “Atypical Gender Development – A Review” (PDF, 270KB), which has been accepted for publication in the International Journal of Transgenderism, and is now subject to the limited copyright of The Haworth Press Inc. “Definition and Synopsis of the Etiology of Adult Gender Identity Disorder and Transsexualism” (PDF, 92KB), which was accepted for presentation at the Harry Benjamin International Gender Dysphoria Association’s Symposium in Ghent in September 2003.

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